1. Which instructional strategy BEST embodies Vygotsky’s social development theory?
A. Silent reading drills
B. Peer tutoring with structured guidance
C. Individualized computer-based practice
D. Teacher-centered lectureShow Answer
Vygotsky emphasized social interaction as key to cognitive development; peer tutoring leverages the ZPD through scaffolded collaboration.
2. The “MATATAG Curriculum” prioritizes which foundational element?
A. Expansion of subject hours
B. Decongestion of learning competencies
C. Increased standardized testing
D. Mandatory extracurricular requirementsShow Answer
DepEd Order No. 001, s. 2024 focuses on streamlining competencies to deepen mastery and reduce cognitive load.
3. A student consistently blames teachers for poor grades while ignoring personal effort. This reflects:
A. Internal locus of control
B. Growth mindset
C. External locus of control
D. High self-efficacyShow Answer
Attributing outcomes to external factors (teachers) rather than personal agency indicates external locus of control.
4. Which law mandates inclusive education for learners with disabilities?
A. RA 7277 (Magna Carta for Disabled Persons)
B. RA 9155 (Governance of Basic Ed Act)
C. RA 11650 (Inclusive Education Law)
D. RA 10533 (K-12 Law)Show Answer
Enacted in 2022, it institutionalizes inclusive education systems in all Philippine schools.
5. In assessment design, “authenticity” primarily refers to:
A. Alignment with national standards
B. Real-world relevance of tasks
C. Consistency in scoring
D. Length of assessment itemsShow Answer
Authentic assessments mirror challenges encountered beyond the classroom (e.g., community projects).
6. Which classroom management approach aligns with Glasser’s Choice Theory?
A. Rewarding compliance with tokens
B. Focusing on students’ basic psychological needs
C. Implementing strict punishment hierarchies
D. Using behavior contracts exclusivelyShow Answer
Choice Theory emphasizes fulfilling needs for belonging, power, freedom, and fun to motivate positive behavior.
7. Under RA 10157 (Early Years Act), mandatory preschool education applies to children aged:
A. 3-4 years
B. 4-5 years
C. 5-6 years
D. 6-7 yearsShow Answer
Section 4 requires all 5-year-olds to complete Kindergarten before Grade 1 enrollment.
8. Which questioning technique develops critical analysis skills?
A. “What is the definition of photosynthesis?”
B. “How would you redesign this experiment to improve accuracy?”
C. “Who discovered gravity?”
D. “When does the school year end?”Show Answer
This prompts evaluation and creation (Bloom’s highest levels), requiring justification of improvements.
9. A teacher uses student portfolios to document growth over a semester. This is primarily:
A. Summative assessment
B. Norm-referenced assessment
C. Formative assessment
D. Diagnostic assessmentShow Answer
Portfolios provide ongoing evidence for instructional adjustments and self-reflection during learning.
10. Which principle is central to Montessori education?
A. Teacher-directed instruction
B. Age-homogeneous grouping
C. Self-directed learning with prepared environments
D. Standardized pacing for all studentsShow Answer
Montessori emphasizes child autonomy, multi-age classrooms, and hands-on materials.
11. The “hidden curriculum” becomes problematic when it:
A. Reinforces gender stereotypes through classroom interactions
B. Follows the official lesson plan strictly
C. Uses standardized textbooks
D. Measures academic achievement objectivelyShow Answer
Unintentional biases in teacher language or activity choices can normalize inequitable norms.
12. Which assessment tool BEST measures collaborative skills?
A. Multiple-choice test
B. Group project rubric with peer evaluation
C. Individual essay
D. True/false quizShow Answer
It assesses both group output and individual contributions to teamwork processes.
13. According to DepEd Order No. 021, s. 2019, what is the maximum class size for Kindergarten?
A. 25 students
B. 30 students
C. 35 students
D. 40 studentsShow Answer
Section 5.1 specifies 25:1 ratio for Kindergarten to ensure individualized attention.
14. Which scenario demonstrates “accommodation” in lesson planning for dyscalculia?
A. Providing extended time on math tests
B. Requiring all students to use calculators
C. Eliminating math instruction
D. Assigning extra worksheetsShow Answer
Accommodations modify conditions (time, format) without changing learning standards.
15. The primary purpose of a curriculum framework is to:
A. Replace teacher lesson planning
B. Provide overarching structure and principles
C. Standardize grading systems nationwide
D. Dictate specific teaching methodsShow Answer
It establishes philosophical foundations, goals, and scope without prescribing classroom details.
16. Which philosophy advocates for “education for social reconstruction”?
A. Essentialism
B. Perennialism
C. Progressivism
D. ReconstructionismShow Answer
It views schools as catalysts for addressing societal inequities and envisioning better futures.
17. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must FIRST address parental concerns about grades by:
A. Reporting parents to the principal
B. Providing evidence of assessment criteria
C. Changing the grade to avoid conflict
D. Ignoring complaints as unprofessionalShow Answer
Article V, Section 3 requires transparency in evaluation standards and documented performance evidence.
18. Which ICT tool supports Universal Design for Learning (UDL) Principle 1 (Multiple Means of Representation)?
A. Online discussion forums
B. Text-to-speech software
C. Digital gradebooks
D. Attendance trackersShow Answer
It provides auditory alternatives to text, addressing diverse sensory needs.
19. A student with autism spectrum disorder experiences sensory overload in noisy hallways. The BEST accommodation is:
A. Exempting from all transitions
B. Providing noise-canceling headphones
C. Assigning hallway detention
D. Isolating in the classroomShow Answer
This addresses the sensory barrier while maintaining inclusion in school routines.
20. Which provision of RA 9155 empowers School Governing Councils (SGCs)?
A. Section 5 on curriculum development
B. Section 7 on school head authority
C. Section 10 on community participation
D. Section 15 on teacher welfareShow Answer
It mandates SGCs to involve stakeholders in resource management and school improvement planning.
21. In differentiated instruction, “product” differentiation involves:
A. Adjusting teaching pace
B. Varying how students demonstrate learning
C. Changing classroom seating
D. Modifying content complexityShow Answer
Students choose formats (e.g., video, essay, model) to showcase mastery of the same content.
22. Which assessment bias occurs when test items assume familiarity with urban experiences?
A. Gender bias
B. Cultural bias
C. Language bias
D. Format biasShow Answer
Items referencing malls or public transport disadvantage rural students with different lived experiences.
23. According to DepEd Order No. 007, s. 2015, what percentage of the final grade comes from written works?
A. 30%
B. 40%
C. 50%
D. 60%Show Answer
Section 6.3 specifies 40% for written works and 60% for performance tasks in K-12 grading.
24. Which strategy BEST develops metacognitive skills?
A. Teacher modeling think-alouds during problem-solving
B. Assigning repetitive worksheets
C. Focusing solely on correct answers
D. Eliminating self-assessmentShow Answer
Verbalizing thought processes demonstrates how to plan, monitor, and evaluate learning strategies.
25. The “spiral progression” approach in K-12 Science means:
A. Teaching all topics in one grade level
B. Revisiting concepts with increasing depth across grades
C. Skipping grades for advanced learners
D. Focusing only on core scientific disciplinesShow Answer
Example: Ecosystems taught in Grade 3 (basic interactions), Grade 6 (biodiversity), Grade 10 (biogeochemical cycles).
26. Which action violates RA 10157 regarding early childhood education?
A. Using play-based learning activities
B. Administering standardized academic tests to 5-year-olds
C. Collaborating with parents on development plans
D. Providing developmentally appropriate materialsShow Answer
Section 10 prohibits high-stakes testing; assessment should be observational and play-based.
27. In curriculum evaluation, “impact” refers to:
A. Cost of implementation
B. Long-term effects on learners
C. Teacher satisfaction ratings
D. Number of textbooks usedShow Answer
It measures outcomes like critical thinking skills or community engagement years after instruction.
28. Which questioning strategy promotes perspective-taking?
A. “What is the capital of Japan?”
B. “How might a farmer view this environmental policy?”
C. “Who invented the telephone?”
D. “When is the deadline?”Show Answer
It requires students to analyze issues through others’ lived experiences (empathy development).
29. Under RA 4670, teachers are entitled to how many days of sick leave annually?
A. 15 days
B. 30 days
C. 45 days
D. 60 daysShow Answer
Section 12 grants 30 days of sick leave with full pay for public school teachers.
30. Which scenario demonstrates “modification” for a student with intellectual disability?
A. Providing extra time on grade-level tests
B. Reducing learning objectives to foundational skills
C. Using audiobooks for grade-level texts
D. Allowing calculator use in mathShow Answer
Modifications alter standards (e.g., counting to 10 instead of 100), unlike accommodations.
31. The primary purpose of a curriculum audit is to:
A. Calculate teacher salaries
B. Identify gaps between intended and implemented curriculum
C. Replace textbook adoption cycles
D. Standardize classroom decorationsShow Answer
It examines alignment across scope, sequence, resources, and instructional practices.
32. Which educational philosophy supports student-led conferences?
A. Essentialism
B. Perennialism
C. Progressivism
D. BehaviorismShow Answer
It emphasizes student agency, reflection, and ownership of learning (Dewey’s influence).
33. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must maintain confidentiality EXCEPT when:
A. Discussing student progress with parents
B. Suspecting child abuse requiring reporting
C. Sharing grades during faculty meetings
D. Posting student work online with namesShow Answer
Article VIII, Section 3 permits disclosure to authorities when safety is at risk (RA 7610 compliance).
34. Which ICT integration model emphasizes technology as a thinking tool?
A. SAMR Augmentation
B. TPACK framework
C. Bloom’s Digital Taxonomy
D. RAT Model (Replace, Amplify, Transform)Show Answer
It reimagines cognitive levels using digital tools (e.g., “creating” via podcast production).
35. A teacher uses exit tickets to adjust tomorrow’s lesson. This is:
A. Summative assessment
B. Diagnostic assessment
C. Formative assessment
D. Norm-referenced assessmentShow Answer
Exit tickets provide immediate feedback to inform instructional decisions before summative evaluation.
36. Which provision of RA 9262 requires teachers to report violence against learners?
A. Section 5
B. Section 14
C. Section 21
D. Section 31Show Answer
Mandates reporting of violence against women and children within 48 hours to authorities.
37. In Maslow’s hierarchy, which need is MOST critical for classroom participation?
A. Self-actualization
B. Esteem needs
C. Belongingness and love needs
D. Physiological needsShow Answer
Students must feel safe and accepted (e.g., through positive relationships) to engage fully.
38. Which strategy BEST supports culturally responsive teaching?
A. Using only Eurocentric examples
B. Incorporating students’ cultural references into lessons
C. Avoiding discussions of cultural identity
D. Standardizing all learning materialsShow Answer
Validates diverse backgrounds and increases relevance (e.g., using local folklore in literature).
39. The “subject-centered” curriculum is MOST associated with:
A. John Dewey
B. Robert Hutchins
C. Maria Montessori
D. Lev VygotskyShow Answer
As a perennialist, he advocated for discipline-based curricula focused on “great ideas.”
40. Under RA 10533, Senior High School specialization tracks include ALL EXCEPT:
A. Academic Track
B. Technical-Vocational-Livelihood Track
C. Sports and Arts Track
D. Arts and Design TrackShow Answer
SHS tracks are Academic, TVL, Arts & Design, and Sports (DepEd Order No. 31, s. 2015).
41. Which assessment format BEST measures creativity?
A. Multiple-choice test
B. Standardized essay prompt
C. Open-ended design challenge
D. True/false quizShow Answer
Tasks requiring novel solutions (e.g., “Design a sustainable community”) capture divergent thinking.
42. According to Erikson, failure to develop “trust” in infancy leads to:
A. Shame
B. Mistrust
C. Guilt
D. IsolationShow Answer
Stage 1 (Trust vs. Mistrust) occurs 0-1 year; inconsistent care breeds suspicion of the world.
43. Which action violates RA 4670’s provision on teacher workload?
A. Assigning 5 hours of classroom teaching
B. Requiring teachers to grade during lunch
C. Allowing 1 hour for lesson preparation
D. Scheduling faculty meetings after classShow Answer
Section 11 mandates 6 hours of teaching + 1 hour lunch; ancillary tasks must occur within 30-hour workweek.
44. In project-based learning, the teacher’s role during student research is PRIMARILY:
A. Lecturer
B. Resource facilitator
C. Discipline enforcer
D. Grade recorderShow Answer
Teachers curate materials, pose guiding questions, and troubleshoot without directing outcomes.
45. Which guidance service helps students cope with grief after a family death?
A. Placement
B. Counseling
C. Appraisal
D. OrientationShow Answer
Provides therapeutic support for emotional crises affecting academic performance.
46. The “community-based” curriculum emphasizes:
A. Global standardized competencies
B. Local context and resources
C. Teacher expertise alone
D. Digital textbook adoptionShow Answer
Leverages community assets (e.g., studying local watersheds for Science).
47. Which historical document first established public education in the Philippines?
A. Education Act of 1901
B. 1935 Constitution
C. RA 7492
D. K-12 Law (RA 10533)Show Answer
Act No. 74 created the public school system under American administration.
48. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must avoid conflicts of interest by:
A. Accepting gifts from textbook vendors
B. Grading students impartially
C. Sharing confidential data online
D. Prioritizing personal political viewsShow Answer
Article VII prohibits bias from personal relationships or external incentives.
49. Which tool BEST supports self-paced learning for mastery?
A. Whole-class lecture
B. Adaptive learning software
C. Paper worksheets
D. Teacher-directed demonstrationsShow Answer
Platforms like Khan Academy adjust content based on real-time performance data.
50. In curriculum development, “sequence” refers to:
A. Breadth of topics covered
B. Logical ordering of content
C. Assessment methods
D. Teacher qualificationsShow Answer
Ensures concepts build progressively (e.g., addition before multiplication).
51. Which assessment type is used to GROUP students by ability?
A. Diagnostic
B. Formative
C. Placement
D. SummativeShow Answer
Determines appropriate instructional level (e.g., reading readiness tests for Grade 1).
52. According to Bandura, self-efficacy is developed through:
A. Genetic inheritance
B. Vicarious experiences and mastery
C. Standardized testing
D. Age-related cognitive declineShow Answer
Mastery experiences, social modeling, and feedback build belief in capabilities.
53. Which classroom management technique uses logical consequences?
A. Ignoring off-task behavior
B. Assigning detention for tardiness
C. Having a late student complete missed work
D. Public shamingShow Answer
Consequences directly relate to the behavior (natural/logical) rather than arbitrary punishment.
54. Under RA 7836, who sets the LET passing score?
A. DepEd
B. CHED
C. PRC
D. TESDAShow Answer
Section 16 grants the Professional Regulation Commission authority over licensure standards.
55. Which principle underlies competency-based education?
A. Uniform pacing for all students
B. Advancement upon demonstrated mastery
C. Competition-driven achievement
D. Standardized testing as sole measureShow Answer
Students progress when they prove proficiency, regardless of time spent.
56. A student with dysgraphia struggles with handwriting. The BEST accommodation is:
A. Reducing writing assignments
B. Allowing oral responses or speech-to-text tools
C. Ignoring spelling errors
D. Assigning simpler contentShow Answer
Addresses the physical barrier while maintaining access to grade-level content.
57. Which assessment bias occurs when a test favors one gender’s experiences?
A. Cultural bias
B. Gender bias
C. Language bias
D. Format biasShow Answer
Items about sports or domestic roles may disadvantage students based on gender socialization.
58. In Erikson’s theory, “integrity vs. despair” occurs during:
A. Adolescence
B. Young adulthood
C. Middle adulthood
D. Late adulthoodShow Answer
Individuals (65+) reflect on life satisfaction or regret (Stage 8).
59. Which philosophy advocates for “education as life itself”?
A. Essentialism
B. Perennialism
C. Progressivism
D. BehaviorismShow Answer
Dewey viewed school as a microcosm of society where learning occurs through real experiences.
60. Under RA 9293, what disqualifies an LET examinee?
A. Being 20 years old
B. Having a criminal record for estafa
C. Failing the exam once
D. Not attending review classesShow Answer
Section 3 prohibits those convicted of crimes involving moral turpitude (e.g., fraud).
61. Which strategy BEST supports Universal Design for Learning (UDL) Principle 3?
A. Providing lecture notes in advance
B. Offering choices in assessment formats
C. Using only textbooks for instruction
D. Standardizing all assignmentsShow Answer
Principle 3 (Action & Expression) allows varied ways to demonstrate knowledge.
62. What is the PRIMARY purpose of a diagnostic assessment?
A. Assign final grades
B. Identify prerequisite knowledge gaps
C. Rank students competitively
D. Evaluate teacher effectivenessShow Answer
Conducted before instruction to tailor teaching (e.g., pre-tests on fractions before algebra).
63. According to Skinner, learning occurs through:
A. Social observation
B. Operant conditioning
C. Cognitive restructuring
D. Emotional reflectionShow Answer
Behavior is shaped by reinforcement (rewards) and punishment.
64. Which classroom management technique uses nonverbal redirection?
A. Publicly naming off-task students
B. Making eye contact and moving closer
C. Assigning detention immediately
D. Ignoring all disruptionsShow Answer
Minimizes disruption while signaling awareness of behavior (proximity control).
65. Under RA 9155, who has final authority over school operations?
A. School Governing Council
B. Parent-Teacher Association
C. School Head
D. Division SuperintendentShow Answer
Section 7 designates the principal as the chief implementer of educational programs.
66. Which principle underlies mastery learning?
A. Uniform pacing for all students
B. Advancement after demonstrating proficiency
C. Competition drives achievement
D. Testing is the sole measure of learningShow Answer
Bloom’s model requires 80-90% mastery before progressing to new content.
67. A student with ADHD struggles during independent work. Which accommodation is MOST appropriate?
A. Assigning extra homework
B. Breaking tasks into smaller steps with check-ins
C. Isolating the student
D. Reducing learning objectivesShow Answer
Scaffolds focus and provides structure (UDL Principle 2: Multiple means of action).
68. Which assessment bias occurs when test language is overly complex?
A. Cultural bias
B. Gender bias
C. Language bias
D. Format biasShow Answer
Complex vocabulary disadvantages language learners or students with reading difficulties.
69. In Maslow’s hierarchy, which need must be met for cognitive growth?
A. Esteem needs
B. Safety needs
C. Self-actualization
D. BelongingnessShow Answer
Physical/emotional security (e.g., predictable routines) enables focus on learning.
70. Which action violates RA 4670’s provision on teacher rights?
A. Requiring attendance at Saturday seminars
B. Denying promotion due to union membership
C. Scheduling 30 students per class
D. Allowing 1 hour for lunch breakShow Answer
Section 9 prohibits discrimination based on legitimate union activities.
71. What is the key feature of inquiry-based learning?
A. Teacher-centered lectures
B. Student-driven investigation of questions
C. Memorizing textbook content
D. Standardized testing after each unitShow Answer
Students formulate hypotheses, gather data, and draw conclusions through exploration.
72. Which guidance service helps students prepare for college admissions?
A. Counseling
B. Placement
C. Appraisal
D. OrientationShow Answer
Assists with application processes, scholarship searches, and program selection.
73. The “hidden curriculum” in schools often reinforces:
A. Official academic standards
B. Unspoken social hierarchies
C. Government political agendas
D. Teacher union policiesShow Answer
Implicit lessons about power dynamics (e.g., teacher authority, peer status).
74. Which philosophy influenced the 1987 Constitution’s emphasis on nationalism?
A. Behaviorism
B. Humanism
C. Essentialism
D. ReconstructionismShow Answer
Focuses on education for social transformation and national identity development.
75. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must avoid:
A. Professional development
B. Conflicts of interest
C. Parent-teacher conferences
D. Collaborative planningShow Answer
Article VII requires impartiality in professional duties (e.g., no favoritism in grading).
76. Which ICT tool supports Universal Design for Learning (UDL) Principle 2?
A. Interactive whiteboard
B. Digital graphic organizers
C. Document camera
D. ProjectorShow Answer
Helps students plan, monitor, and navigate learning (UDL Principle 2: Action & Expression).
77. In curriculum development, “scope” refers to:
A. Sequence of content
B. Breadth of topics covered
C. Assessment methods
D. Teacher qualificationsShow Answer
Defines the range of knowledge/skills included in the curriculum.
78. Which assessment type occurs DURING instruction to guide teaching?
A. Summative
B. Diagnostic
C. Formative
D. Norm-referencedShow Answer
Provides ongoing feedback to adjust instruction (e.g., thumbs-up checks, quick quizzes).
79. According to Piaget, egocentrism is characteristic of which stage?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operationalShow Answer
Children (2-7 years) cannot distinguish their perspective from others'.
80. Which right is guaranteed under RA 4670 for teachers?
A. Right to refuse extracurricular activities
B. Right to indefinite tenure without evaluation
C. Right to 30 days of sick leave with pay
D. Right to political campaign during school hoursShow Answer
Section 12 grants 30 days of sick leave annually for public school teachers.
81. In cooperative learning, “positive interdependence” means:
A. Students compete for highest grade
B. Group success depends on individual contributions
C. Teachers assign roles permanently
D. Only group leaders are assessedShow Answer
Members recognize their interdependence for achieving shared goals.
82. Which scenario requires mandatory child abuse reporting?
A. Student complains about homework
B. Teacher observes unexplained bruises on a student
C. Parent disagrees with grading policy
D. Student wears untidy uniformShow Answer
RA 7610 Section 14 requires reporting physical injuries indicating abuse/neglect.
83. The “learner-centered” curriculum prioritizes:
A. Teacher expertise
B. Student interests and readiness levels
C. Standardized test alignment
D. Textbook coverageShow Answer
Adapts content to learners’ experiences, abilities, and goals (e.g., choice boards).
84. Which educational reform established the Department of Education?
A. Education Act of 1901
B. 1935 Constitution
C. RA 9155 (Governance of Basic Ed Act)
D. K-12 Law (RA 10533)Show Answer
Enacted in 2001, it renamed DECS to DepEd and defined its current structure.
85. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must uphold the dignity of the profession by:
A. Sharing confidential student data online
B. Maintaining high standards of conduct
C. Prioritizing personal political views
D. Accepting gifts from suppliersShow Answer
Article II emphasizes behavior that inspires public confidence in educators.
86. Which technology enhances accessibility for hearing-impaired students?
A. Interactive whiteboard
B. Captioning software
C. Online quiz platform
D. Digital portfolioShow Answer
Provides real-time text for audio content (e.g., Google Live Transcribe).
87. What is the purpose of a scope and sequence chart?
A. List required textbooks
B. Show topic progression across grade levels
C. Replace lesson plans
D. Calculate student gradesShow Answer
Ensures logical content sequencing without gaps or redundancies.
88. Which rubric type describes performance levels in detail?
A. Holistic
B. Analytic
C. Single-point
D. ChecklistShow Answer
Breaks criteria into specific dimensions with descriptors for each level (e.g., 4-point scale per skill).
89. According to Kohlberg, moral reasoning at the post-conventional level focuses on:
A. Personal survival
B. Social approval and laws
C. Universal ethical principles
D. Avoiding punishmentShow Answer
Stages 5-6 emphasize justice, rights, and social contracts beyond legal systems.
90. Which provision protects teachers from political harassment?
A. RA 4670 Section 8
B. RA 7836 Section 5
C. RA 9293 Section 4
D. Code of Ethics Article IVShow Answer
Prohibits dismissal or discrimination based on political beliefs or activities.
91. Which questioning strategy promotes metacognition?
A. “What is the answer?”
B. “How did you decide which strategy to use?”
C. “Who agrees with this?”
D. “When is the deadline?”Show Answer
Encourages reflection on thinking processes and decision-making.
92. A student with dyscalculia struggles with math concepts. Which accommodation is MOST appropriate?
A. Assigning extra worksheets
B. Providing manipulatives and visual models
C. Isolating the student
D. Reducing learning objectivesShow Answer
Concrete representations build conceptual understanding (UDL Principle 1: Multiple means of representation).
93. Which assessment method is LEAST susceptible to cultural bias?
A. Essay on local festivals
B. Math problem with universal context
C. Oral history exam
D. Standardized vocabulary testShow Answer
Quantitative reasoning with neutral scenarios (e.g., geometric patterns) minimizes cultural assumptions.
94. In Erikson’s theory, “industry vs. inferiority” occurs during:
A. Adolescence
B. Young adulthood
C. Middle childhood
D. Late adulthoodShow Answer
Children (6-12 years) develop competence through school tasks or feel inadequate.
95. Under RA 4670, teachers are entitled to how many days of vacation leave?
A. 15 days
B. 30 days
C. 45 days
D. 60 daysShow Answer
Section 12 grants 30 days of annual vacation leave for public school teachers.
96. Which strategy BEST develops critical thinking in discussions?
A. Teacher lectures for 40 minutes
B. Socratic questioning
C. Memorizing debate points
D. Voting on opinionsShow Answer
Uses probing questions to challenge assumptions and deepen reasoning (e.g., “What evidence supports that?”).
97. Which guidance service addresses academic underachievement?
A. Placement
B. Counseling
C. Appraisal
D. ReferralShow Answer
Helps students identify barriers (e.g., study skills, motivation) and develop strategies.
98. The “problem-centered” curriculum focuses on:
A. Subject mastery
B. Solving real-life community issues
C. Teacher expertise
D. Standardized testingShow Answer
Uses societal problems as organizing frameworks (e.g., designing solutions for local pollution).
99. Which philosophy supports the K-12 curriculum’s emphasis on critical thinking?
A. Essentialism
B. Perennialism
C. Progressivism
D. IdealismShow Answer
Prioritizes problem-solving and experiential learning over rote memorization.
100. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must NOT:
A. Participate in professional organizations
B. Accept remuneration for tutorial services
C. Disclose confidential information
D. Pursue advanced degreesShow Answer
Article VIII prohibits sharing student/colleague information without consent or legal requirement.
101. Which tool BEST supports formative assessment in large classes?
A. Paper-and-pencil test
B. Digital exit ticket (e.g., Google Form)
C. End-of-unit project
D. Oral recitation for all studentsShow Answer
Provides instant, anonymous feedback with minimal grading time (e.g., “Muddiest Point” check).
102. In curriculum development, “articulation” refers to:
A. Teacher training programs
B. Logical connection between grade levels
C. Budget allocation
D. Textbook selection criteriaShow Answer
Ensures smooth transitions and eliminates gaps/redundancies (e.g., Science topics across grades).
103. Which assessment format minimizes guessing?
A. True/false
B. Multiple-choice
C. Matching type
D. EssayShow Answer
Constructed responses require original thought rather than selecting from options.
104. According to Vygotsky, language development is primarily:
A. Innate and biological
B. Shaped by social interaction
C. Dependent on formal instruction
D. Unrelated to cognitive growthShow Answer
Language emerges through communication with caregivers and peers (social origin of speech).
105. Which right is protected under RA 4670 regarding promotions?
A. Automatic promotion after 3 years
B. Promotion based solely on seniority
C. Promotion based on merit and fitness
D. Exemption from promotion examsShow Answer
Section 15 requires objective criteria for career advancement.
106. Which strategy BEST differentiates for gifted students?
A. Assigning more worksheets
B. Providing complex, open-ended tasks
C. Isolating them from peers
D. Skipping grade levels automaticallyShow Answer
Challenges advanced learners through depth and complexity (e.g., independent research projects).
107. Which action violates confidentiality in student records?
A. Storing records in locked cabinets
B. Discussing grades in parent-teacher conferences
C. Sharing records with another teacher without need
D. Using FERPA-compliant digital systemsShow Answer
Records should only be accessed by authorized personnel with legitimate educational interest.
108. The “subject-centered” curriculum emphasizes:
A. Student interests
B. Disciplinary knowledge
C. Community problems
D. Teacher flexibilityShow Answer
Prioritizes mastery of specific academic fields (e.g., Mathematics, History).
109. Which historical event led to the Philippine Normal School’s establishment?
A. Spanish colonization
B. American occupation
C. Japanese occupation
D. Post-WWII independenceShow Answer
Founded in 1901 to train Filipino teachers under the Thomasites’ initiative.
110. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must:
A. Prioritize personal beliefs over curriculum
B. Refuse to teach controversial topics
C. Strive to understand students’ backgrounds
D. Avoid professional developmentShow Answer
Article III, Section 1 emphasizes adapting to diverse learners’ needs and contexts.
111. Which ICT integration principle states technology should transform tasks?
A. SAMR Substitution
B. SAMR Redefinition
C. TPACK
D. Bloom’s Digital TaxonomyShow Answer
Creates new tasks previously inconceivable without technology (e.g., global student collaborations).
112. What is the PRIMARY purpose of a curriculum guide?
A. Replace teacher lesson planning
B. Provide standardized pacing and resources
C. Serve as a student textbook
D. Document teacher absencesShow Answer
Supports implementation consistency while allowing teacher adaptation.
113. Which assessment type evaluates learning at the END of a unit?
A. Diagnostic
B. Formative
C. Summative
D. Norm-referencedShow Answer
Measures achievement against standards (e.g., final exams, culminating projects).
114. According to Piaget, conservation is mastered in which stage?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operationalShow Answer
Children (7-11 years) understand quantity remains constant despite shape changes.
115. Which provision of RA 4670 supports teacher welfare?
A. Six-hour teaching day
B. Mandatory political involvement
C. Exemption from DepEd policies
D. Unlimited sick leaveShow Answer
Section 11 limits classroom teaching to 6 hours daily (30 weekly).
116. Which questioning technique checks for understanding DURING a lesson?
A. “Any questions?”
B. Think-pair-share
C. End-of-unit exam
D. Homework assignmentShow Answer
Engages all students in processing and discussing concepts immediately.
117. Which guidance service identifies students’ strengths and weaknesses?
A. Counseling
B. Appraisal
C. Placement
D. OrientationShow Answer
Uses tests and observations to assess academic, career, and personal-social development.
118. The “social reconstructionism” philosophy aims to:
A. Preserve traditional knowledge
B. Use education to solve societal problems
C. Focus on individual self-actualization
D. Standardize global curriculaShow Answer
Views schools as agents for social change and justice (e.g., addressing climate change).
119. Which philosophy influenced the K-12 Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education?
A. Essentialism
B. Progressivism
C. Multiculturalism
D. PerennialismShow Answer
Values linguistic diversity and cultural identity in learning (DepEd Order No. 16, s. 2012).
120. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must avoid:
A. Collaborative teaching
B. Discrimination based on gender
C. Parent communication
D. Professional networkingShow Answer
Article IV, Section 1 prohibits bias in teaching or evaluation.
121. Which tool BEST supports student self-assessment?
A. Teacher-graded quiz
B. Rubric with clear criteria
C. Standardized test score
D. Parent evaluation formShow Answer
Enables students to compare their work against benchmarks and set goals.
122. In curriculum development, “validity” refers to:
A. Cost-effectiveness
B. Alignment with intended goals
C. Teacher approval ratings
D. Political acceptabilityShow Answer
A valid curriculum effectively addresses its stated objectives and standards.
123. Which assessment method BEST measures practical skills?
A. Multiple-choice test
B. Oral examination
C. Performance task
D. Essay questionShow Answer
Requires demonstrating competencies (e.g., lab experiment, art creation).
124. According to Erikson, “intimacy vs. isolation” occurs during:
A. Adolescence
B. Young adulthood
C. Middle adulthood
D. Late adulthoodShow Answer
Individuals (20-40 years) develop close relationships or face emotional isolation.
125. Under RA 4670, how many years of service are required for permanent status?
A. 3 years
B. 5 years
C. 7 years
D. 10 yearsShow Answer
Section 7 grants permanent appointment after 3 consecutive years of satisfactory service.
126. Which strategy BEST supports English language learners?
A. Avoiding complex vocabulary
B. Using visual aids and gestures
C. Isolating them during group work
D. Reducing content requirementsShow Answer
Provides comprehensible input through multimodal supports (Krashen’s Input Hypothesis).
127. Which action violates the Code of Ethics regarding student evaluation?
A. Using varied assessment methods
B. Grading based on effort alone
C. Providing rubrics in advance
D. Offering retake opportunitiesShow Answer
Article V, Section 2 requires assessments to reflect actual learning outcomes, not just effort.
128. The “community-centered” curriculum emphasizes:
A. Global competitiveness
B. Local resources and needs
C. Teacher autonomy
D. Standardized testingShow Answer
Integrates community context into learning (e.g., studying local ecosystems).
129. Which educational philosophy supports teacher-centered instruction?
A. Progressivism
B. Essentialism
C. Constructivism
D. HumanismShow Answer
Emphasizes core knowledge transmission through direct instruction.
130. Under RA 9262, teachers are mandated to report violence against:
A. Only students
B. Only female colleagues
C. Any person under their care
D. Only parentsShow Answer
Section 31 includes students, dependents, and others within school premises.
131. Which technology tool supports flipped classroom models?
A. Interactive whiteboard
B. Video lecture platform (e.g., YouTube)
C. Digital gradebook
D. Attendance trackerShow Answer
Delivers instructional content for home viewing, freeing class time for active learning.
132. What is the purpose of a curriculum audit?
A. Evaluate textbook costs
B. Assess alignment with standards
C. Calculate teacher salaries
D. Track student absencesShow Answer
Identifies gaps between intended curriculum and classroom implementation.
133. Which rubric type provides a single score based on overall impression?
A. Holistic
B. Analytic
C. Single-point
D. ChecklistShow Answer
Gives one global score with broad descriptors for performance levels.
134. According to Bandura, self-efficacy influences:
A. Genetic intelligence
B. Belief in one’s capabilities
C. Socioeconomic status
D. Age-related cognitive declineShow Answer
High self-efficacy increases motivation and persistence in challenging tasks.
135. Which provision of RA 4670 protects academic freedom?
A. Section 10
B. Section 14
C. Section 18
D. Section 25Show Answer
Guarantees teachers’ right to express opinions on educational matters.
136. Which strategy BEST develops collaborative skills?
A. Individual seatwork
B. Jigsaw cooperative learning
C. Teacher-led lectures
D. Silent readingShow Answer
Students become “experts” on subtopics and teach peers, requiring interdependence.
137. Which guidance service helps students choose college courses?
A. Counseling
B. Placement
C. Appraisal
D. ReferralShow Answer
Matches students’ abilities and interests with educational/vocational opportunities.
138. The “hidden curriculum” can perpetuate inequality by:
A. Providing equal textbooks
B. Reinforcing dominant cultural norms
C. Standardizing assessments
D. Using technology in classroomsShow Answer
Unexamined practices may marginalize minority cultures or languages.
139. Which philosophy supports the K-12 curriculum’s focus on holistic development?
A. Essentialism
B. Progressivism
C. Perennialism
D. BehaviorismShow Answer
Emphasizes growth in cognitive, social, emotional, and physical domains.
140. Under the Code of Ethics, teachers must:
A. Prioritize union activities over teaching
B. Maintain impartiality in student evaluation
C. Avoid professional development
D. Share student data on social mediaShow Answer
Article V, Section 1 requires fair assessment without bias.
141. Which assessment tool provides diagnostic data for individualized instruction?
A. National Achievement Test
B. Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM)
C. End-of-term exam
D. IQ testShow Answer
Uses frequent, brief probes to monitor specific skill mastery (e.g., reading fluency).
142. In curriculum development, “fidelity” refers to:
A. Teacher loyalty to the school
B. Faithful implementation of design
C. Student commitment to learning
D. Budget adherenceShow Answer
Measures how closely practice matches the intended curriculum plan.
143. Which assessment method is MOST authentic for writing skills?
A. Grammar multiple-choice test
B. Spelling bee
C. Published blog post
D. Vocabulary matchingShow Answer
Mirrors real-world writing purposes and audiences (e.g., sharing opinions online).
144. According to Piaget, object permanence develops in which stage?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operationalShow Answer
Infants (0-2 years) learn objects exist even when unseen (around 8 months).
145. Which right is protected under RA 4670 regarding political activities?
A. Mandatory political campaigning
B. Right to hold office without resignation
C. Protection from dismissal due to beliefs
D. Exemption from election dutiesShow Answer
Section 8 prohibits discrimination based on political views.
146. Which strategy BEST supports students with anxiety during tests?
A. Increasing time pressure
B. Providing clear instructions and breaks
C. Publicly comparing scores
D. Eliminating all assessmentsShow Answer
Reduces uncertainty and allows self-regulation (UDL Principle 1).
147. Which action violates the Code of Ethics regarding professional conduct?
A. Attending training workshops
B. Criticizing colleagues on social media
C. Collaborating on lesson plans
D. Seeking student feedbackShow Answer
Article V, Section 4 prohibits public disparagement of fellow educators.
148. The “problem-centered” curriculum is MOST associated with:
A. John Dewey
B. Robert Hutchins
C. Mortimer Adler
D. Paulo FreireShow Answer
His critical pedagogy uses real-world problems to foster social transformation.
149. Which philosophy advocates for “back to basics” education?
A. Progressivism
B. Essentialism
C. Perennialism
D. ReconstructionismShow Answer
Emphasizes fundamental skills (reading, writing, math) and core knowledge.
150. Under RA 10533 (K-12 Law), the basic education program now spans:
A. 10 years
B. 12 years
C. 13 years
D. 15 yearsShow Answer
Comprises 6 years elementary, 4 years junior high, and 2 years senior high school.